A transistor is a fundamental electrical part that modifies the direction of electrical current flow. Transistors are the fundamental components of integrated circuits, including Computers or computer engines. Micron-sized semiconductors made up of millions of individual units make up modern Processors.

Most transistors have three connections that can be used to link to other transistors or electrical parts. The current between the second and third terminals can be altered by altering the current between the first and second terminals. This enables a transistor to function as a switch that can turn on or off a transmission. Transistors can symbolize a 1 or a 0 in their "on" or "off" states, which makes them ideal for conducting arithmetic computations because computers work in binary. To execute logical processes, a set of transistors may also be used as a logic gate.

Signals are frequently turned on or off by transistors in computer systems. Transistors, however, can also modify the quantity of electricity that is sent. For instance, a sequence of transistors may be used in a radio amplifier to enhance data transmission. The stronger stimulus produces an emission of enhanced sound. Transistors have largely supplanted vacuum tubes for sound enhancement due to their cheap cost and great dependability.

Modern transistors are so tiny that they cannot be seen with the unaided eye, in contrast to early transistors which were big enough to hold in your palm. In actuality, the Ivy Bridge processor from Intel has Microprocessor components spaced apart by 22 nanometers. That is quite tiny when you consider that one nanometer is one millionth of a millimeter. A single CPU can contain hundreds of millions of transistors thanks to this tiny dimension.